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Vermont Yankee was an electricity generating nuclear power plant, located in the town of Vernon, Vermont, in the northeastern United States. It generated 620 megawatts (MWe) of electricity at full power. The plant was a boiling water reactor (BWR), designed by General Electric. On 29 December 2014, its owner Entergy ceased the plant's operations. The plant had begun commercial operations in 1972 under different ownership. In 2008, the plant provided 71.8% of all electricity generated within Vermont, amounting to 35% of Vermont's electricity consumption. The plant is on the Connecticut River, upstream of the Vernon, Vermont Hydroelectric Dam and used the reservoir pool for its cooling water. In March 2012 the plant's initial 40-year operating license was scheduled to expire; in March 2011 the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) extended its license for another 20 years. Vermont Yankee's continued operations was complicated by the Vermont state legislature's enactment of a law providing the state legislature authority to determine the continued operation of the plant, in addition to the federal government. Entergy requested a new state certificate of public good (CPG),〔 (【引用サイトリンク】title=Entergy: No need to plan for VY closing ) 〕 but the Vermont legislature voted in February 2010 against renewed permission to operate. In January 2012, Entergy won a court case, invalidating the state's veto power on continued operations. On August 28, 2013, Entergy announced that due to economic factors Vermont Yankee would cease operations in the fourth quarter of 2014. The plant was shut down at 12:12 pm EST on December 29, 2014. Since the 1970s, there have been many anti-nuclear protests about Vermont Yankee, including large protests after the Fukushima nuclear disaster in March 2011 and on the date of the original operating license expiry in March 2012. == Design and function == Vermont Yankee is a BWR-4 Boiling water reactor that uses a Mark I containment structure. It provided 71.8% of all electricity generated in Vermont in 2008〔(Vermont Nuclear Profile ) ''Energy Information Administration'', September 2010.〕 and meets 35% of the overall electricity requirements of the state. It was originally designed and constructed for 500 MW electrical output. In 2006, it was upgraded to 620 MW electrical output. The reactor produces 1912 MW of heat which is converted to electricity at 32% efficiency.〔Richard Watts, Paul Hines, Jonathan Dowds, ("The Debate over Re-Licensing the Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant" ), ''The Electricity Journal'', Volume 23, Issue 4, May 2010, Pages 59–67, ISSN 1040-6190, .〕 In comparison, the average residential power demand for all of Vermont in 2012 was 239 MW.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=2012 Average Monthly Bill- Residential ) From EIA: 309019 customers * 565 kWh / month *customer. To find average: * 12 months/1 year * 1 year/366 days (2012 was leap year) * 1 day / 24 hours =~ 238518 kW〕 The reactor core held up to 368 fuel assemblies and 89 control rods.〔(Facility Operating License – Entergy Nuclear Vermont Yankee, LLC and Entergy Nuclear Operations, Inc. (Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Station), Docket No. 50-271 ), License No. DPR-28 Amendment No. 5, 208, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, July 31, 2002〕 The spent fuel pool is licensed to contain up to 3353 spent fuel assemblies.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Vermont Yankee Nuclear Power Plant」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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